Drupal Release Cycle là gì?

At the end of 2013, big changes were made to the Drupal release cycle.

You can read full details of the changes at https://drupal.org/node/2135189.

The changes will start with Drupal 8, but are going to impact almost all current and future versions.

In this blog post, I'll give you a short, plain-English overview of the changes.

I'll show how the changes will impact users of Drupal 6, 7, 8 and 9.

What is changing for Drupal 8?

• Drupal 8 will have several releases with new features.
• New Drupal 8 releases will come out every 6 months. They may have new features and will be called 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 etc.
• The latest release will be the only one that's supported.
• The end of the process will be a Long Term Support version or LTS. When that LTS arrives, no new features will be added, only security fixes.

Here's a graphical overview of how the releases will work:

Here's the big change: new features can now be added after the 8.0 release.

One of the downsides to Drupal's old release cycle is that new features couldn't be added.

Drupal 7 was essentially finished in 2010 (although it was released the next year). So no new features have been added to Drupal since 2010.

That feature freeze is great for enterprise customers, but very clunky for today's software developers who are used to working iteratively, making fast and regular updates.

In the proposal, Dries said that the new release cycle allows them to use "a more agile development approach of getting smaller changes out faster, seeing how they do, and making further changes based on real-world data. "

In the comments, Jesse Beach (who is responsible for much of the work on Drupal's UI) said, "Building a usable UI requires numerous iterations and we really don't get those over large major release cycles."

What does this mean for Drupal 9?

• Drupal 9 will only start development when the the core team have completed a new feature big enough to justify a new version.
• Drupal 9 should arrive on a normal schedule, which is 2 or 3 years after Drupal 8.

What does this mean for Drupal 6 and 7?

Wait, why are we bringing 6 and 7 into this?

Because this new release cycle may be good news for owners of Drupal 6 and 7 sites:

• Drupal 6 would be security supported until 8's LTS rather than only until 8.0.
• Drupal 7 would be security supported until 9's LTS rather than only until 9.0.

So this change could mean an extra 18 months of fixes. It's possible that this could mean Drupal 7 support until 2018 or 2019.

What does this mean for you building sites in the future?

Be very careful with the selection and quantity of modules you use in Drupal 8. This is good practice anyway, but will become a more formal recommendation with Drupal 8.

Here's the advice from the release cycle proposal:

"Don't use custom modules; stick to only contrib modules that are adequately maintained. Or, if your site requires custom code, make sure the developers you hire know to limit their code to only accessing APIs marked as stable."

In other words, changes may happen between Drupal 8.0 and the Drupal 8 LTS. If you build you own modules or use poorly supported custom modules, watch carefully in case updates cause problems.

Wait, doesn't this all sounds very familiar?

Yes, this release cycle is very similar to those adopted by Joomla and Typo3 amongst others.

This release cycle is one form of Semantic Versioning which is adopted by many products: http://semver.org.

Can I found out more about this change?

Yes, this video from Larry Garfield at DrupalCon Prague is a great introduction to the thinking behind the new release cycle.